Southern
Ecuador
November
3-18, 2007
The
Andes Mountains of Southern Ecuador are highly complex, providing
a great variety of habitats within a small geographic area. For decades,
birders have recognized the region’s rich biodiversity; now
new lodgings at the Jocotoco Foundation Reserves make it possible
for us to stay in incredible places with nature close at hand. We
plan three nights each at Buenaventura, in the foothills of the western
side of the Andes, and at Tapichalaca, adjacent to the magnificent
Podocarpus National Park. Three nights are also
spent at the beautiful colonial city of Cuenca, with time to visit
local markets and to examine some of the architectural and cultural
wonders.
Abundant
birding and biodiversity characterize all our locations. Beginning
in Guayaquil, we visit a mangrove forest and look for Horned Screamer
at a nearby freshwater lake, introducing you to a family of birds
unique to South America. At Buenaventura, we have the chance to see
the beautiful El Oro Parakeet, only discovered in 1980! At Tapichalaca
Reserve we look for Jocotoco Antpitta, discovered by 
Robert
Ridgely and others as recently as 1997. We should see large mixed
flocks of some of the most colorful tanagers on the continent. Peppered
among the flocks will be manakins, flycatchers, fruiteaters, becards
and more. Expansive Podocarpus National Park protects the largest
remaining patches of Polylepis forest in Ecuador as well as the high
terrain of the paramo. Perhaps, with luck, we will find the cloudforest-dwelling
Spectacled Bear!
Hospitality
in Ecuador is as memorable as the birding and natural history. Communities
we visit in Southern Ecuador retain their traditional culture, a delightful
aspect of our trip that rivals the natural wonders. Between Loja and
Cuenca we visit a handicraft market of the indigenous Andean people
known as the Saraguros. In Cuenca we have a guided tour of the city
with an emphasis on history, architecture and culture. This is an
all NEW Ecuador journey; we have space for only eight persons so if
you are interested please contact us right away!
ITINERARY
Sat.,
Nov 3 Arrival in Guayaquil
Arrive today at the Simon Bolivar International Airport, Guayaquil,
where we provide transfers to our hotel, a five-star property located
across from Bolivar Park in the heart of the city. Rest up from your
flight and at 6:30 meet your guides and fellow travelers to enjoy
a welcome dinner and orientation.
Accommodations at the Unipark Hotel, Guayaquil (D)
Sun.,
Nov 4 Manglares Churute Ecological Reserve / Buenaventura Reserve
This morning we drive southward along the Pacific Coast to a reserve
that protects 125,000 acres of rich mangrove forest and expansive
salt flats. Here Roseate Spoonbill, Wattled Jacana, Cocoi Heron, Wilson’s
and Collared Plover and other shore and wading birds find vital food
and shelter. Unfortunately, much of this habitat is threatened by
intensive shrimp farming so this is a critical reserve for many species.
Nearby, at a freshwater lake, we look for Black-bellied Whistling
Duck and Horned Screamer; the latter a bold and vocal member of a
family unique to South America.
We
then head inland, watching for Savannah Hawk and Peruvian Meadowlark
in an agricultural area before reaching forests of the Buenaventura
Reserve, best known for its nesting rare and highly local El Oro Parakeets.
This afternoon we check the gardens and feeders on the property, which
attract an array of hummingbirds that includes Green Thorntail, Purple-bibbed
Whitetip, Violet-bellied Hummingbird, Emerald-bellied Woodnymph, both
Baron’s and White-whiskered Hermit and the impressive Violet-tailed
Sylph. At close range you can enjoy these colorful creatures to your
heart’s content!
Our
lodgings are comfortable private rooms with bath; only four on the
property, but the lush forest location and prime location compensate
for the lack in luxury. Our stay also benefits important work of the
reserve, a place that you will treasure.
Accommodations at the Jocotoco Foundation’s Umbrellabird
Lodge, Buenaventura Reserve (B,L,D) **please note: as the
lodge has just four rooms, our tour is limited to 8 persons throughout;
at this location there may be no single rooms available. At other
locations of the tour there will be singles available.
Mon.,
Nov 5 and Tues., Nov 6 Buenaventura Reserve
We have two days to explore the rich Buenaventura area; driving up
and down the valley yields access to birds and habitats of different
elevations. This reserve was established in 1999, and through diligent
efforts of the Jocotoco Foundation has grown to protect almost 4000
acres of cloudforest on the western slope of the Andes. Botanists
will marvel at the rich array of plants and their attendant butterflies
as well. Birding at this location is truly amazing; some of the best
in South America. While walking trails here we should find spectacular
birds, including Golden-headed Quetzal, the endemic Guayaquil Woodpecker,
Bronze-winged Parrot, the endemic Pale-mandibled Aracari, Red-headed
Barbet, and Scaled Fruiteater. We have ample time to watch the behavior
of colorful and unusual species including birds performing at their
leks; with luck we may see courtship behavior of Club-winged Manakin
or the startling Long-wattled Umbrellabird. Along a 6km trail through
the reserve, we look for secretive forest species such as the El Oro
Tapaculo. Meals are served graciously at this small lodge; day’s
end provides a chance to relax with fellow travelers and to catalog
our finds.
Accommodations for 2 nights at the Jocotoco Foundation’s
Umbrellabird Lodge, Buenaventura Reserve (B,L,D)
Wed.,
Nov 7 Loja / Catamayo / Vilcabamba
On a last morning outing we venture along a river where we may find
Sunbittern and Fasciated Tiger Heron; in lush forest vegetation mixed
flocks reveal a host of colorful tanagers and wrens feeding alongside
Pacific Tuftedcheek, Barred Puffbird and Choco Toucan. After breakfast,
driving between Buenaventura and Vilcabamba, we spend time exploring
the more arid habitat of the Catamayo Valley near Loja. Here we hope
to find Pacific Parrotlet among the scrub forest and agricultural
fields, along with several members of the finch family: Parrot-billed
and Dull-colored Seedeaters, Collared Warbling-Finch, Band-tailed
Sierra Finch and the endemic Tumbes Sparrow. Another highlight is
the unique Elegant Crescent-chest Tapaculo. After birding this habitat,
we pass through the historic city of Loja, established in 1548 and
on an important historical route to the Amazon. Loja is known for
the beautiful architecture of its historic downtown, with houses painted
in strong colors along its narrow streets. We will return in a few
days; today we continue on to the smaller village of Vilcabamba, about
30 km south of Loja.
Vilcabamba
is the Kichwa word for Sacred Valley; at 5000 ft. it hosts an idyllic
climate. Its residents seem to thrive – Vilcabamba is known
for its numerous residents who reach 100 years and higher. Pure air
and water contribute to longevity – or perhaps it’s the
waters of local hot springs! Two rivers join here to form the Vilcambamba
River; the Chambo and the Yambala. Birders know Vilcabamba as a place
to search for Plumbeous Rail, often found in wet areas close to the
road. The lower valley provides a picturesque mosaic of corn and sugar
cane fields, interspersed with fruit orchards, greenhouses for growing
flowers and cattle pastures. Higher reaches of the valley continue
into Podocarpus National Park, where on an afternoon outing we may
find Plumbeous-backed Thrush and White-tailed Jay. We think you’ll
enjoy exploring this delightful small city; perhaps you’ll want
to relax a bit and try the waters yourself.
Accommodations at Jardin Escandido, Vilcabamba (www.vilcabamba.org/jardinescondido)
(B,L,D)
Thurs.,
Nov 8 Tapichalaca Reserve
The Tapichalaca area has been treasured by birders for quite some
time, but the discovery of the Jocotoco Antpitta in 1997 gave inspiration
to start the foundation that bears its name. The Jocotoco foundation
(www.jocotocofoundation.org)
is dedicated to setting up reserves in critical bird habitat throughout
Ecuador. Five species of Antpitta occur on the property: Jocotoco,
Rufous, Chestnut-naped, Slate-crowned and, at higher elevations, Undulated.
We have a unique opportunity here to see several antippas at close
range, without disturbing them, since the resident park ranger Franco
has trained some of the Jocotoco Antpittas and other species to come
to the trail looking for worms he has collected and cleaned for them.
Tapichalaca
is situated on eastern Andean slopes where it gains the influence
of Amazonia (Marañon) species. On trails we search for Golden-plumed
Parakeet, Chestnut-crested Cotinga, Dusky Pija, Marañon Thrush
and, with luck, a mixed flock of tanagers including 
Paradise,
Silver-backed and White-capped. Our lodgings are on the reserve, in
a two story home with rooms and private baths. Hummingbird feeders
surround us, as does the temperate cloud forest. With sunny weather
a kaleidoscope of butterflies emerge. We hear that the food is wonderful
and are pleased that our use of the lodge benefits the reserve.
Accommodations at Tapichalaca Lodge (www.jocotocofoundation.org)
(B,L,D)
Fri.,
Nov 9 Tapichalaca Reserve
At dawn sounds of the forest lure you from bed; the hummingbird feeders
are active and we have the chance to see Rainbow-bearded and Rufous-capped
Thornbill, Amethyst-throated and Flame-throated Sunangel, and of course
the bossy Chestnut-breasted Coronet. A favorite of many, though wide-spread
throughout Ecuador, is the incredible Long-tailed Sylph.
Today
we venture to higher reaches of neighboring Podocarpus
National Park, learning more about the unique 
Polylepis
forest and spending time in the often-windswept paramo. The Giant
Conebill is closely tied to this habitat type by its habit of feeding
on cones. We also look for Gray-breasted Mountain Toucan, the endemic
Bearded Guan, Purple-throated Sunangel (a high elevation hummingbird),
Crimson-mantled Woodpecker and several tanagers including Lacrimose
Mountain Tanager, Plushcap, Red-hooded Tanager, Golden-crowned Tanager
and Black-headed Hemispingus. At dusk we watch for Swallow-tailed
Nightjar, which appears as a quetzal of the night as it displays its
extravagant tail in flight. In this remote location, listen for the
eerie call of Andean Pootoo, and if it’s a clear night enjoy
a sky of a thousand stars.
Accommodations at Tapichalaca Lodge (B,L,D)
Sat.,
Nov 10 Valladolid Valley / Tapichalaca Reserve
Enjoy good
Ecuadorian coffee from our porch with a spectacular view of the valley
below. Perhaps a pair of Maroon-chested Ground Dove will come into
view; near the lodge we find Orange-banded Flycatcher, Barred Antthrush,
and a host of other species. Plant life around the lodge is fascinating
as well; with luck several species of orchids and bromeliads will
be in bloom.
This
morning we venture lower in elevation to explore the Valladolid Valley,
about 12 km. south of Tapichalaca towards the Peruvian border. This
area, with several patches of woodland and scrub to explore, gives
us access to a number of species not found elsewhere in Ecuador, most
notably the Maranon Thrush.
In
the afternoon we return to our cozy lodgings with some time to relax,
or watch the hummingbirds at the feeders. Dinner is a treat. Xavier
Munoz of Neblina Forest tells us that the chef here used to work at
a French restaurant in Quito; he shows his expertise in every meal
as he combines exotic tropical flavors with French techniques.
Accommodations at Tapichalaca Lodge (B,L,D)
Sun.,
Nov 11 Zamora / Copalinga
This morning we drive to the Zamora-Chinchipe province of Ecuador,
located at the southeastern end of Amazonia and known for its bountiful
biodiversity. Zamora is unique to our trip for adding tropical elements
that extend into the foothills– both botanical and avian additions.
The lodge at Copalinga is situated in more open second-growth habitat
with gardens; trails nearby take us into lush forests. Our individual
casitas are new and feature private baths and a balcony. At a comfortable
3000 ft. in elevation, we can explore trails out our door to see orchids,
bromeliads and a host of colorful birds of the tropical submontane
humid forest. Tanagers are particularly abundant; we look for the
bold black and white Magpie Tanager amid its more colorful cousins
– Green and Gold, Blue-necked, Golden, Orange-eared and Spotted
Tanagers. There are also mixed flocks of the complex Funarid clan
– the spinetails, foliage-gleaners and xenops. After a group
dinner, enjoy the starry skies and revel in the peace and quiet of
this unique part of the country.
Accommodations at Cabinas Ecologicas Copalinga, adjacent to Podacarpus
NP
(www.copalinga.com)
(B,L,D)
Mon.,
Nov 12 Zamora / Bombuscaro – Podocarpus National
Park / Copalinga
We find new hummingbirds before our eyes at feeders at Copalinga.
These include Wire-crested Thorntail, Green Hermit, Black-eared Fairy,
and Violet-fronted Brilliant. On trails at the Bombuscaro section
of Podocarpus National Park we look for two range-restricted species,
the Coppery-chested Jacamar and Ecuadorian Piedtail. Highland Motmot
is the largest of its clan, and with luck we’ll find Black-billed
Treehunter probing on moss-and lichen-clad tree limbs. Along a rushing
stream we may find White-capped Dipper or possibly a pair of Torrent
Duck. In lush forests, Black-streaked Puffbird and Lanceolated Monklet
are sit-and-wait insect predators; with luck we might find one of
earth’s more bizarre species – the Amazonia Umbrellabird.
In the afternoon we gather to discuss some of the geology of the Andes,
foundation of the region’s rich biodiversity. Sunset finds us
gathering in the common area, sharing delights of the day, tales of
other journeys, and yes, counting up our species! Enjoy a dinner of
fresh local foods prepared by our hosts.
Accommodations at Cabinas Ecologicas Copalinga, adjacent to Podacarpus
NP (B,L,D)
Tues.,
Nov 13 Old Zamora-Loja Road / La Toma / Loja
Our drive to Loja is beautiful as we take in scenic vistas of the
convoluted ridges of the Andes. Along the way we explore the Old Zamora-Loja
Road, legendary for several decades among birders, and still providing
quality habitat for us to find specialties such as the endemic White-breasted
Parakeet and Chestnut-tipped Toucanet. We may add Vermilion or Metallic-green
tanagers to our list, and we watch for Cliff Flycatchers in appropriate
habitat. We cross a 9000 ft. pass en route, entering the paramo habitat
and then descending into a drier region and then Loja city. At higher
elevation we look for Paramo Seedeater, Mouse-colored Thistletail
and Marble-faced Bristle-tyrant. At lower elevation, hummingbirds
of this arid valley country include Purple-collared Woodstar, Loja
Hummingbird and the Elegant Crescentchest. We also look for Collared
Antshrike, Fasciated Wren and Long-tailed Mockingbird. In the afternoon,
enjoy some free time to 
explore
this five-hundred year old city. Downtown there are several cathedrals
and other historic buildings of note, surrounding several park-like
squares. The Entrada a la Ciudad is a striking, almost medieval looking
building that houses an art museum we can explore. Loja is capital
of the province of the same name, and is a major economic center for
the Southern Andes.
Accommodations at El Liberator, Loja (www.tripadvisor.com/Hotels-Loja-Hotels)
(B,L,D)
Wed.,
Nov 14 Cuenca
The drive between Loja and Cuenca is scenic, and along the way we
stop for beautiful vistas, and to explore areas of biological interest.
In the dry valley of Ona, about halfway between Loja and Cuenca, we
will see a variety of bromeliads. Tillandsias grow on the small trees
but we will see terrestrial varieties also. Perhaps we’ll have
a chance to try repe during lunch, a green banana soup made from a
local banana type and a specialty of the area.
An
interesting cultural aspect of this region is that it is home to the
indigenous Andean people known as the Saraguros. For hundreds of years
they traditionally lived in the Andean mountain highlands, but now
primarily reside in tropical forest areas. Among their many crafts
can be found beautiful beadwork and also musical instruments including
a wooden flute called an antara.
We
arrive with time to settle in and stretch our legs exploring a bit
of colonial Cuenca. Dinner tonight is at the hotel so you can relax
after a day of travel through the Andes.
Accommodations at El Conquistador, Cuenca (B,L,D)
Thurs.,
Nov 15 Cuenca / Uzuphud Valley
Cuenca is the third-largest city in Ecuador (after Guayaquil and Quito)
and is the capital of the southernmost province of Azuay. Located
in the highlands at 8200 ft., it rivals Cuzco, Peru for charm with
its cobblestone streets, colonial architecture, traces of Inca culture
and magnificent cathedrals. As the second-largest city of the Inca
Empire and a major bastion of Spanish colonial power, the city today
is recognized as a World Heritage Site. We will explore the city with
a local guide, discussing history that dates from pre-Inca times.
We also visit the Uzuphud Valley, from which we can appreciate the
terraced nature of the city, which is fed by four rivers of the Andes.
This is a great place to purchase panama hats and the famous ceramics
of Cuenca, as well as other handicrafts. Another highlight is the
10 de Agosto market, an open-air market featuring fruits, vegetables
and meats. Also not to be missed is a trip to the Turi overlook. Sitting
on a hill to the south of the city, it affords spectacular views on
a clear day.
Accommodations at El Conquistador, Cuenca (B,L,D)
Fri
Nov., 16 Cajas National Park / Cuenca
Today we visit Cajas National Park, a 70,000 acre protected area established
in 1996 just west of Cuenca. Here the high paramo habitat is dotted
by over 250 lakes. Local people visit the park to honor the Virgen
del Cajas who is believed to have made an appearance there. There
is also an ancient Inca Road crossing the park, still visible after
several centuries. In the extensive highlands, we search for magnificent
free-flying Andean Condor, Black-chested Buzzard- Eagle, Puna Hawk,
Carculated Caracara and high elevation hummingbirds such as Violet-throated
(endemic) and Veridean Metaltails, Sword-billed Hummingbird, Shining
Sunbeam, Chimborazo Hillstar, and Sparkling Violet-ear. In picturesque
lakes, we hope to find Andean Gull, Yellow-billed Pintail and Speckled
Teal. We take time to examine the unique vegetation of the paramo;
at this time of year many of the shrubs should be in bloom. Other
plants grow close to the ground, exhibiting hairs and other adaptations
to the often cold and wet climate. Spires of Puyo Bromeliads make
perfect perches for 
Black-tailed
Trainbearer, Giant Hummingbird, Stout-billed Cincloides and Paramo
Ground Tyrant. Several patches of Polylepis forest occur here as well,
so if we’ve missed any specialties of this habitat earlier,
we have another chance to find them. This is a great area to bird
and hike – atop the world of the Andes. Return to Cuenca, where
we choose a local restaurant to sample some specialty dishes of the
region.
Accommodations at El Conquistador, Cuenca (B,L,D)
Sat
Nov., 17 Cuenca / Quito
We plan an afternoon flight back to Quito, so you can spend the morning
visiting local markets, one or more of the many museums, or local
areas of interest such as Pumapungo, an Inca palace. It will be hard
to leave this beautiful city surrounded by the Andes – indeed
if anyone wants to stay on to explore in more detail, we can help
you make those arrangements! For those of us departing, we return
to Quito, where we enjoy a farewell dinner at a favorite local restaurant
and accommodations at a small business hotel close to the Amazonas
shopping district. Likewise, if anyone is new to Quito and would like
additional time there, this is easy to arrange.
Accommodations at Hotel Sebastian, Quito (B,L,D)
Sun
Nov., 18 Departures
Morning flights leave Quito to several gateway cities in the US; transfers
will be provided for those flights leaving before NOON.
Cost
of the Journey
Cost is $3490.00 from Guayaquil, departing Quito,
is based on double occupancy and includes: all nights’
accommodations, group airport transfers, professional guide
services of expert local guides and Peg Abbott of Naturalist
Journeys, transportation within Ecuador, pre-departure information
and services, and miscellaneous program expenses. This cost
is based on a minimum of 8 persons. If there are fewer than
8 participants, a small group surcharge (typically $100-$300.00)
may apply. It does not include your flight to Guayaquil, departing
Quito or items of a personal nature such as; beverages from
the bar, porterage, laundry, phone calls, or gift items. We
also recommend a gratuity for our local drivers and guides,
which is left to your discretion. Single supplement is $380.00.
Travel
Arrangements
Coming soon!
Photo Credits:
Jocotoco Antpitta, Xavier Munoz (www.neblinaforest.com);
Butterfly, Chestnut-breasted Coronet, Tropical Hibiscus, Butterflies,
Green and Rufous Kingfisher, Emerald Cicada, Greg Smith; Long-tailed
Sylph (2), Chestnut-breasted Coronet, Aplamado Falcon, Sword-billed
Hummingbird, Carunculated Carcara, Tony Beck - www3.sympatico.ca/beck.tony/;
all other photos by Peg Abbott.
|
NATURE
PROFILE:
Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador
South of
the colonial city of Cuenca and near the town of Loja is the 361,000-acre
Podocarpus National Park. In addition to its size, the park is impressive
for its vertical extent which ranges from approximately 2,000 feet
to 11,800 feet. With a wide range of altitudinal zones, the visitor
finds a wealth of natural history to explore and contemplate. Indeed,
this landscape of the southern highlands may be as interesting to
the naturalist traveler as the better known Galapagos Islands.
The
Andes extend north-south through Ecuador, primarily as two ranges
bounding a high, inter-montane district. Pronounced ridges across
this lengthy highland district separate a series of high valleys.
Here one finds a tundra-like expanse of tussock grasses and fascinating
flowering shrubs. In Ecuador, “páramo”
is the term for the altitudinal zone roughly above the tree line and
below the extent of permanent snow cover. “Altiplano”
is a term also associated with the highlands of South America, but
more appropriately applies to Peru and Bolivia for their high, flattish
plane or shield.
Podocarpus
National Park includes highlands and páramos on the eastern
slope of the Andes and extends to lower elevations and Amazonian rainforest.
As one descends the mountain slopes beneath the páramo, vegetation
becomes more dense and supports a different collection of animals.
The
park’s signature trees, several species of Podocarpus (or Romerillo),
are conifers, the only conifers indigenous to Ecuador. A number of
patches of the trees remain, and protecting them was a primary raison
d’être for establishing the park. Another special
species of Podocarpus National Park is the Spectacled Bear, the only
bear now in South America. Although park visitors rarely see one,
studies show that the bears are there, both inside and outside the
park boundaries. Typically an adult male weighs up to 400 pounds.
Each individual bear has unique white markings around the eyes. Other
mammals of the park include Mountain Tapir, Puma, and Andean Fox.
It is the
birds of Podocarpus’ rich terrain that draw many visitors --
over 500 species live in the varied habitats of the park. The great
Andean Condor may soar in the sky above, showing off its ten foot
wingspan. Mixed flocks of colorful tanagers feed with fruiteaters,
flycatchers, parakeets and puffbirds. At the other end of the size
scale are the hummingbirds, over 50 species of hummers with names
such as Glittering-throated Emerald, Violet-fronted Brilliant, Amethyst-throated
Sunangel, Rufous-capped Thornbill and Sword-billed Hummingbird, the
latter of which has a bill as long as its head and body together.
Other birds that inhabit the park include Black-billed Mountain Toucan
of the high slopes, Scarlet-bellied Mountain Tanager of the páramo,
and Amazonian Umbrellabird of the lower eastern slopes. The region
is so vibrant and complex that a new bird species, the Jocotoco Antpitta,
was discovered by Robert Ridgely and others as recently as November,
1997.
In addition
to the natural history, the region around Podocarpus National Park
has a multitude of intriguing cultural and historic features. The
lands from Peru north to the city of Quito were part of the Inca realm
when the Spaniards, under Pizarro, conquered the Incas in 1532. The
general route of the Inca road followed the flanks of the Andes.
Baron Alexander
van Humboldt traveled the same general route when he traversed Ecuador
in 1802, and he must have passed very near what is now Podocarpus
National Park. This “renaissance man” had a wide ranging
curiosity as well as meticulous methods of a naturalist. His work
inspired Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin. As he sailed from Lima
to Acapulco, Mexico, Humboldt noted the cold water current flowing
northward along the coast; today it is known as the Humbolt Current.
He described the current’s climatic implications that create
the stretch of desert along Peru’s southern coast and also discovered
the magnetic equator, important in the field of geomagnetism. Humboldt
coined the name “Avenue of Volcanoes” for the chain of
volcanoes that rise along Andean ridges, another signature landscape
feature of Ecuador. He speculated on the formation of these volcanoes
and the earthquake activity of the region, which are now ascribed
to the action of tectonic plates.
Podocarpus
National Park, established in 1982, protects the patches of Podocarpus
trees and other habitat. It also helps protect the water quality.
The park has many lakes and includes the headwaters of a myriad of
streams which converge and feed four major watersheds, Zamora, Loja,
Vilcabamba, and Malacatos rivers, all of which ultimately flow into
the mighty Amazon River.
Several international
organizations are particularly interested in conservation in Ecuador.
The Ecuadorian Jocotoco Foundation (expand this). The Nature Conservancy,
through its Parks in Peril program and with partner organizations
and governmental units, works near Podocarpus National Park to design
and establish wildlife corridors and new protected lands. They help
train local residents as park rangers.
Ecuador and
particularly Podocarpus National Park have an exciting variety of
birds and habitats to entice and intrigue the naturalist traveler.
Explore this and more of Southern Ecuador with Naturalist Journeys
November 3-18, 2007.
Author:
Cathy Cooper
Resources:
Andrews, Michael Alford, The Flight of the Condor, Boston (Little,
Brown and Company), c. 1982.
Helferich,
Gerard, Humboldt’s Cosmos, New York (Gotham Books),
c. 2004.
Morrison,
Marion, Ecuador, New York (Grolier Publishing), c.2000.
Pearson,
David L., and L. Beletsky, Ecuador and its Galápagos Islands,
San Diego (Academic Press), c. 2000.
The
Nature Conservancy
Close
This Window
